12 tips to prepare your home for winter

This article has been updated from a previous version.

Canada is often been described as having only two seasons: summer and hockey. As amusing as that is, it’s accurate to say winter is integral to Canadian life.

This season is deeply woven into the fabric of Canadian culture, influencing our literature, music, fashion and pastimes. For all the wonderous things winter provides, it can also wreak havoc on our homes when snow and ice storms, blizzards, and bitterly cold wind strikes. Unpredictable weather is the norm in Canada – and increasingly so – which is why it’s wise to protect your home and family by preparing for what’s to come.

Use this checklist of indoor and outdoor maintenance tasks to help reduce the chances of having to file a  claim, and avoid any crises during the colder months:

1.Optimize heating and cooling

Annual maintenance of your HVAC system by a professional can help reduce the chance of your furnace unexpectedly breaking down during the harsh winter months.

It’s important to have an expert inspect your system at least once every year, but at the very least, you should replace the furnace filter quarterly. This will help keep the air inside the house clear of dust, dirt, and allergens, as well as allow the furnace to run efficiently.

For those with air conditioners, especially portable window models, it’s best to remove and store them safely to avoid damage from snow and ice during the winter. If you have a central air unit that cools the entire home in the summer, invest in a high-quality, weather-resistant made to protect it from snow, moisture and debris. This not only prolongs the life of the unit but also ensures it's ready to function efficiently when warmer weather returns.

2. Examine and optimize your thermostat

Consider getting a smart thermostat that can adjust temperature settings based on your daily routines and preferences, saving both energy and money.

Set your thermostat to maintain a comfortable temperature of about  20°C while at home, and reduce it to 17°C during times you're away or asleep to maximize energy savings. These small adjustments can significantly lower your heating bill over time.

Smart thermostats offer more than just programmable settings—they can be controlled remotely via smartphones, learning your schedule to optimize heating efficiency.

While it’s important to regularly check your thermostat’s battery and change it annually, consider upgrading to a model that alerts you about low battery or potential issues.

Read more: 5 smart home gadgets that can help protect your home and save you money

3. Inspect windows and exterior doors

Energy conservation begins with eliminating drafts. Consider installing windows with double or triple glazing and low-E coatings to minimize heat loss. For doors, invest in models with high-performance insulation.

Regularly inspect for gaps and seal any leaks with modern weatherstripping materials, which offer better durability and insulation properties. Adding door sweeps and caulking around window frames can prevent cold air infiltration, keeping your home warm and help conserve energy.

4. Protect any exterior wood

To prevent wildlife from seeking shelter under your roof, seal gaps and crevices around your home’s exterior. Applying a fresh coat of high-quality, weather-resistant paint or sealant can extend the life of your wood surfaces, providing an effective barrier against moisture infiltration.

Consider using eco-friendly sealants and paints that not only shield wood from harsh winter elements but also reduce environmental impact.

Regularly inspect exterior wood surfaces for signs of damage, and promptly replace any decaying or compromised sections to maintain the structural integrity of your home.

5. Check your roof ventilation

Roof vents, also called attic vents, allow moisture to escape from your attic, which prevents mold and mildew from forming. Leave these vents open year-round to regulate the temperature inside your home and prevent ice dams from forming on the rooftop, which can damage the shingles and gutters.

Don’t forget to inspect your bathroom vents as well, since they often run through attics. Ensure they’re properly insulated to prevent condensation freezing, which may cause water damage when thawed. While you’re at it, clean and check your dryer vent regularly to make sure there’s no lint or debris, which can reduce the risk of fire from overheating.

Read more: The price of insuring an old roof – if it’s even insurable

6. Clean gutters and chimneys

Autumn’s fallen leaves can clog gutters. And when rain becomes ice, these unkempt gutters can become heavy. Clean them out so there's less risk of ice accumulation.

If you have a fireplace, get the chimney cleaned, as well.

7. Take care of the pipes

Freezing water can lead to burst pipes. As a preventive measure, close all the water valves inside your home that lead to any outdoor faucets, then drain those faucets to allow any remaining water to exit.

Keep the outdoor taps open throughout the winter. Freezing water expands, and if it has nowhere to go, the pressure that builds up can crack the pipe. Also, insulate exposed pipes to keep them at a stable temperature.

Don’t forget to disconnect your garden hose, drain it, and store it in a dry place until spring shines upon us again.

8. Check smoke and carbon monoxide detectors

Replace the batteries in your smoke and carbon monoxide detectors at least once a year. Run tests to make sure they are in good working condition, and make sure your family knows the difference between the sounds of the smoke and carbon monoxide alarms.

Smart smoke and carbon monoxide detectors have advanced significantly, now offering features like smartphone alerts for instant notifications, even when you're away. They easily integrate with smart home systems to keep you safe by unlocking doors or activating lights during emergencies.

These devices provide precise alerts, adding both security and convenience to your home.

9. Keep things safe outside

Harsh winter winds can bring hidden dangers. Trim any tree branches that may be near the home’s electrical systems or wires to prevent them from breaking off and causing a power outage or fire.

Regularly clear snow and ice from your driveway and walkways to prevent any accidents. Home insurance policies in Canada include liability coverage, which can protect you if someone slips and falls on your property. However, coverage can vary based on the specific terms of your policy and the circumstances of the incident.

If possible, install outdoor lighting to improve visibility and safety at night.

10. Travel plans? Have your neighbour check in 

Many people take extended vacations over the holidays. If you are leaving for an extended period of time, it’s wise to leave the heat on in your home at a modest temperature. A temperature around 16-18°C (61-64°F) is generally recommended.

Ask a trusted neighbour or friend to check in every couple of days to make sure everything is running smoothly. Leave them with your emergency contact information and any specific instructions for handling unexpected issues, like a power outage or alarm activation.

Also, check that all non-essential appliances are unplugged to save energy and reduce fire risk. If you're away from your home for more than a few weeks, it's advisable to inform your insurance provider. They may require you to obtain vacant home insurance to ensure your property remains safeguarded against fire, lightning, hail, wind, falling objects or squatters, in your absence.

11. Have a home emergency kit ready

Creating a home emergency kit might not spark excitement it’s necessary for your family’s safety during natural disasters or power outages

Your kit should contain enough supplies to sustain you and your family for 72 hours. Include essentials such as non-perishable food, bottled water, flashlights, extra batteries, a first-aid kit, warm blankets, and a manual can opener. Regularly check and update your kit to ensure all items are in good condition and that food and water supplies are not expired.

12. Review and update your home insurance policy

Winter is an excellent time to review the details of your home insurance policy.

Familiarize yourself with coverage limits for things like hail and snow damage, as well as liability coverage for slip-and-falls or personal injury.

Home insurance will typically protect you in case someone is hurt while visiting your home, which is especially important during the busy holiday season with more visitors and  packages being delivered. If you think you'll need additional coverage, talk to your insurer about updating your policy.

Enjoy the best of the season with confidence

This winter, focus on transforming your home into a cozy retreat, perfect for celebrating the season's joys. By preparing your home for the colder months, you prioritize safety and comfort for you and your loved ones.

From assembling a thorough emergency kit to reviewing your insurance policy, proactive steps can help you manage any challenges winter might bring. With the right preparations, you can fully embrace the magic and opportunities of the season.